Peter H. May, Jorge Luis Vivan, João Andrade, Maria Fernanda Gebara, Pablo del Arco. International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth United Nations Development Programme, 2014.

This article discusses the pressing issue of how to achieve the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity while also reducing poverty in the Brazilian Amazon. The existing mix of policies for biodiversity conservation and forest protection is based on traditional command and control policies and institutional and economic instruments, such as integrated conservation and development projects, a state-based ecological scal transfer (EFT) instrument, and payment for environmental services. We question how best to dene an adequate policymix to achieve both environmental and social targets—that is, how to halt the degradation of natural resources, ensuring their sustainable use, while also reducing poverty in the communities where these natural resources are located.